Hervey ( 2007) positioned that we can enhance the ethical decision making process by shifting from a rule-based approach to an embodied approach to address dilemmas in a more effective manner.Īs movers and body-based practitioners, it is difficult to ignore the intelligence held within the body. The underlying somatic and intuitive constructs of our cultural norms, morals, and values are what guide our ethical decisions (Robson, Cook, Hunt & Alred, 2000). Many studies have provided examples that point to insufficient measures taken in academic settings to address cultural competency, therefore producing counselors, psychologists, doctors, and nurses who are inadequately culturally sensitive and ignore cultural complexities (Alqahtani & Altamimi, 2015 Carmichael, 2012 Harris, 2016 Hebenstreit, 2017 Laws & Chilton, 2013 McEldowney & Connor, 2011 Dominguez, 2017 Wadley, 2016).
ETHICAL DECISION MAKING PROCESS PROFESSIONAL
Trahan and Lemberger ( 2014) recognized that professional ethics codes are incomplete when considering underrepresented populations. The discussion section of this thesis includes a proposed model for progressing towards active multicultural diversity in mental healthcare settings by way of the three M’s from the relational-cultural theory: movement towards mutuality, mutual empathy, and mutual empowerment (Hartling & Miller, 2004).Įthical decision-making is usually a disembodied and rationalized procedure based on ethical codes and a collective understanding of right and wrong. Readers are encouraged to explore ways in which this article can influence them to apply EEDM in other forms of cultural considerations (i.e. The application of the EEDM steps in this article is focused on race/ethnicity and spiritual associations during mental health treatment at an outpatient hospital setting. Information gathered throughout the clinical case study by way of chronological loose and semi-structured journaling, uncovered an ethical dilemma of respect for culturally based meanings in treatment and how we identify pathology in hospital settings. This patient had formed a relationship with a spirit attached to his body that he could see, feel, and talk to, but refused to share this experience with his White identifying psychiatric nurse due to different cultural beliefs. Hervey’s (2007) nonverbal approach to Welfel’s (2001) ethical decision steps was explored in a unique case that involved the ethical decision-making process of an African-American dance/movement therapy intern, while providing treatment in a westernized hospital setting to a spiritual Mexican–American patient diagnosed with PTSD and generalized anxiety disorder. Hervey’s (2007) EEDM steps encourage therapists to return to their bodies when navigating ethical dilemmas as it is an impetus for bridging cultural differences in healthcare. These mono-cultural lenses lead to ineffective mental health treatment for persons of color.
However, these codes and collective styles of meaning making were shaped mostly by White theorists and clinicians. Treviño LK, Weaver GR, Reynolds SJ (2006) Behavioral ethics in organizations: a review.How does embodied ethical decision-making influence treatment in a clinical setting when cultural differences conflict? Ethical decision-making is usually a disembodied and rationalized procedure based on ethical codes (American Counseling Association, 2014 American Dance Therapy Association, 2015 American Mental Health Counseling Association, 2015) and a collective understanding of right and wrong. Thoma SJ, Rest JR, Davison ML (1991) Describing and testing a moderator of the moral judgment and action relationship. Tenbrunsel AE, Smith-Crowe K (2008) Ethical decision making: where we’ve been and where we’re going. Rest JR (1986) Moral development: advances in research and theory. Kish-Gephart JJ, Harrison DA, Treviño LK (2010) Bad apples, bad cases, and bad barrels: meta-analytic evidence about sources of unethical decisions at work. Jones TM (1991) Ethical decision making by individuals in organizations: an issue-contingent model. J Bus Ethics 6:265–280įorsyth DR (1980) A taxonomy of ethical ideologies. J Bus Ethics 78:389–400īommer M, Gratto C, Gravander J, Tuttle M (1987) A behavioral model of ethical and unethical decision making. J Marketing 31:20–26īastons M (2008) The role of virtues in the framing of decisions. Bartels R (1967) A model for ethics in marketing.
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